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Colombia Declares Emergency: Yellow Fever Outbreak Kills 34, Vaccination Card Now Required for Travel

DIWIDA.NEWS colombia, health, infectious diseases, news, public health

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 On Wednesday, the Colombian government announced a state of emergency because of the swift increase in yellow fever cases.
 
 
 The authorities have encouraged people to get vaccinated and follow necessary safety measures during the Easter weekend celebrations and trips.
 
 
 The Colombian President, Gustavo Petro, announced an additional economic crisis alongside the current health emergency. In a Facebook post, he stated, "Individuals who haven’t received their vaccinations shouldn’t travel to high-risk zones over Easter: for now, this includes the coffee-growing region."
 
 
 
 What is yellow fever?
 
 
 
 The WHO characterizes yellow fever as an infectious ailment transmitted by mosquitoes active during daylight hours. Typical signs of this illness encompass fever, nausea, vomiting, headaches, lack of appetite, and muscular discomfort; the incubation phase typically spans 3 to 6 days. This condition is noted for being extremely contagious with the capability to spread internationally.
 
 
 From the beginning of the year, 74 cases have been reported and 34 fatalities recorded as per Colombian Health Minister Guillermo Jaramillo on Wednesday. In explaining the emergency decree, Jaramillo stated, "This illness has an approximate fatality rate of 50% amongst affected individuals." Additionally, he mentioned, "Vaccination cards will be mandatory for anyone traveling into or out of Colombia."
 
 
 The CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) in the U.S., as part of their yellow fever warning, has elevated South America to category two on a scale from one to four. They advise taking "extra precautions" because of a rise in case numbers.
 
 
 Individuals traveling to Colombia, Bolivia, and Peru are recommended to receive vaccinations at least 10 days prior to their journey and should take special precautions to prevent mosquito bites.
 
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Colombia Declares Emergency: Yellow Fever Outbreak Kills 34, Vaccination Card Now Required for Travel

On Wednesday, the Colombian government announced a state of emergency because of the swift increase in yellow fever cases. ...

Singapore Flu: Unraveling the Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

DIWIDA.NEWS health, healthcare and medicine, illness, infectious diseases, medicine and healthcare

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 The Singapore flu typically impacts kids, and you can never be sure about where your child might contract the virus.


 To avoid and identify if your child has contracted the Singapore flu, follow these steps.


 What is Singapore Flu?


 This condition is referred to as Singapore flu not because the illness started in Singapore, but due to a significant outbreak of the disease in the country during the early 2000s.


 At that time, the Singapore government was compelled to implement a policy temporarily closing swimming pools and children’s areas.
 play areas
 to stop the further transmission of this illness.


 The Singapore flu is a rapid-onset, widespread viral illness triggered by a member of the Enterovirus family, known for being very communicable.


 It typically affects children between 2 weeks and 5 years old, equally impacting both boys and girls (with a gender ratio of 1:1), without regard for racial background.


 This illness readily affects younger individuals due to their susceptibility.
 the child’s immune system
 is still relatively weak, though it can also target adults, but only in limited quantities.


 Individuals affected by the Singapore flu typically experience blistering or fluid-filled lesions along with sores appearing near the mucous membranes, particularly around the mouth, as well as on the palms of their hands and the bottoms of their feet.


 The bumpy rash may also show up on the elbows, buttocks, knees, and groin area. This condition is therefore sometimes referred to as HFMD.
 
 HFM Disease
 
 — as it commonly affects the feet, hands, and mouth.


 Nevertheless, HFMD differs from foot-and-mouth disease, which affects animals, Mother.


 Until now, instances of Singapore flu in kids have predominantly appeared in Asian-Pacific nations like Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, China, and Thailand.


 This illness typically emerges and proliferates during the summer or autumn months, particularly the rainy season, but it can be contracted at any point throughout the year.


 Transmission and Dissemination Process


 The virus responsible for causing Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease hides in the bodily fluids of individuals who are infected, which includes:

Saliva production Nasal and throat mucus Secretions from cuts or scabs Excreted matter or stool

 The fluids from an infected individual can spread and be transferred to others via:

Exposure occurs via respiratory droplets expelled during coughs or sneezes from someone who’s infected. It can also happen directly through physical closeness like kissing, hugging, or using shared items for eating or bathing. Another route is coming into contact with the fecal matter of an infected individual—like when changing diapers—and subsequently rubbing your eyes, nose, or mouth. Additionally, infection may occur by touching surfaces tainted with the virus, including door handles or toys, followed by contacting these areas on your face.

 The progression of the Singapore flu is quite straightforward and brief.


 Once a child gets exposed to the virus, it will incubate within their body for 3 to 6 days, which is referred to as the initial week.


 Following this, the subsequent 'journey' of the virus within the child's body starts as it moves into the pharynx and intestines, subsequently reaching the lymphoid tissue before spreading to nearby lymph nodes and ultimately entering the bloodstream (viremia).


 Next, the child develops sores on their hands, feet, and mouth.


 It is uncommon for individuals to contract the Singapore flu virus by consuming water.
 a swimming pool
 .


 This could occur if the water isn’t adequately chlorinated and gets polluted with fecal matter from individuals suffering from the Singapore flu.


 Individuals suffering from Singapore flu tend to be highly infectious during the initial seven days of their sickness.


 Moreover, the virus can still spread to others several days or weeks following the disappearance of symptoms or even when the individual shows no signs whatsoever.


 Causes of Singapore Flu Disease


 As mentioned earlier, the source of the Singapore flu is an enterovirus.


 Here are various types of viruses from the Enterovirus family that can lead to HFMD, as per
 the Center for Disease Control and Prevention
 (CDC) website, namely:


 Coxsackievirus A16,

Is the leading cause of HFMD in the United States. Other varieties include:

 of coxsackieviruses

may also lead to this condition.

 Coxsackievirus A6

may also lead to HFMD, with symptoms typically being more intense.

 Enterovirus 71 (EV-A71),

A certain virus responsible for Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD) is connected to occurrences and outbreaks primarily in East and Southeast Asia. Though uncommon, EV-A71 has likewise been implicated in more serious conditions like encephalitis (swelling of the brain).

 Diagnosis of Singapore Flu Disease


 The physician will inquire about the symptoms your child is showing and examine the injuries or eruptions on their skin. Typically, this approach is sufficient to determine if your infant has been infected with HFMD.


 The doctor will likewise collect a throat swab from your child, or obtain a sample of their stool or blood for lab analysis.


 Risk Factors


 One of the risk factors for Singapore flu is the child’s age. Typically, most children affected by this illness fall within the 5 to 7 year-old bracket.


 This flu can also be readily transmitted via direct person-to-person contact, making kids particularly susceptible.
 daycare
 are especially susceptible to infections.


 It is still possible for an older individual to get infected as well.


 It is believed that older children and adults have immunity to the Singapore flu.


 This occurs as older individuals' bodies typically develop antibodies following exposure to the virus responsible for the illness. Nonetheless, certain teenagers and adults may still contract the disease from time to time.


 Differences Between Singapore Flu and Smallpox


 Even though they share certain traits, Singapore flu and
 smallpox
 There are two distinct conditions. Below are several distinctions between these two illnesses:

The incubation period for Singapore flu typically ranges from 3 to 6 days, whereas for chickenpox, it spans about 10 to 21 days. Each illness exhibits symptoms such as skin rash, general discomfort, and elevated temperature. Chickenpox rashes usually originate on the torso before spreading across the whole body including the head, limbs, within approximately 7 to 10 days. Conversely, the rash caused by Singapore flu predominantly appears in the oral cavity, palms, and soles. In both conditions, these rashes frequently progress into vesicles (blisters). The causative agent is a virus.
varicella zoster
(VZV) causes chickenpox, while
coxsackievirus
A-16 is responsible for the majority of swine flu instances. The virus VSV might stay dormant in patients' spinal cords and could potentially become active after several years, leading to shingles (particularly affecting elderly individuals). If a pregnant woman gets infected with VSV, particularly towards the end of her pregnancy within the final two weeks, it may lead to issues for the unborn child as well. Both conditions have uncommon yet critical potential consequences such as encephalitis and dehydration. While a vaccination exists for chickenpox, there isn’t one specifically designed against varicella zoster. For severe cases of chickenpox, medical intervention is accessible.
acyclovir
and varicella
zoster immunoglobulin
However, there is no particular treatment for Singapore flu apart from supportive care.

 Symptoms of Singapore Flu


 Early Symptoms

Fever. Typically, the illness known as Singapore flu starts with the onset of
a high fever
. Experiencing general discomfort (malaise). A rash is present.

 Day Two and Beyond

In the following day, the rash develops into agonizing blisters within the child’s mouth, typically located at the back or on their tongue. Sores might also emerge around the gums and inside the cheeks. Fluid-filled blisters can likewise surface on the palms of the hands and bottoms of the feet; in more serious cases, they could potentially appear on the buttocks and groin area as well. Canker sores and
sore throat
. Decreased hunger. This condition leads to discomfort during drinking, eating, or swallowing. A short temper can make the person seem finicky and quick to anger. Severe tiredness.

 Nevertheless, there are instances where certain children get infected with the virus without showing any signs of illness.


 This leads to these children continuously attending daycare and school, and inadvertently spreading the virus to their peers.


 Singapore Flu Treatment


 Currently, there is no cure or vaccination available for hand, foot, and mouth disease, also known as HFMD. Additionally, since this illness stems from a viral source,
 antibiotics
 won’t help conquer it.


 Typically, this illness resolves itself within 7 to 10 days from when the child gets infected.


 Meanwhile, you can assist your child in feeling better by providing:

Over-the-counter

 pain relievers such as

ibuprofen
Or acetaminophen or mouth sprays may help alleviate the discomfort. Avoid using aspirin, as it can lead to severe health issues in children.

 Anti-itch lotions,

for example, using calamine, to address rashes.

 Cold snacks

such as popsicles,
yogurt
, or

 smoothies

To alleviate a sore throat, remedies suggested by doctors are typically preferred. It’s best to avoid giving acidic beverages like juice and soda to your child as they may exacerbate the irritation.

 Complications Arising from the Singapore Flu


 Severe complications arising from hand, foot, and mouth disease are uncommon, but
 
 Enterovirus 71
 
 is more prone to causing issues compared to other HFMD viruses.


 Certain complications that may arise from the Singapore flu include:

If dehydration occurs due to canker sores making swallowing fluids challenging, this could lead to swelling of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord (viral).
meningitis
) Swelling of the brain (encephalitis) Paralysis Inflammation of the heart muscle (myocarditis)

 Treatment for Kids Afflicted with Singapore Flu


 Typically, Singapore flu resolves itself without medical intervention, though medications might be required if the sores become extremely painful and distressing.


 Febrifuge


 As stated by pediatric specialist Dr. Effendi, SpA., the key concern when caring for children with HFMD is to ensure you always have a fever-reducing medication available (such as paracetamol or ibuprofen) at hand.


 A physician might as well recommend an analgesic cream.
 For blisters, particularly when they are extremely severe and causing the child significant distress.


 Give plenty to drink


 Children with canker sores may experience discomfort while swallowing. Additionally, they often consume less food than normal.


 Hence, ensure your child consumes adequate healthy liquids to fortify their body against viruses and prevent
 dehydration
 .


 Child Isolation


 If feasible, quarantine the child separately to avoid spreading the infection to other household members and visitors.


 Improve Nutrition


 Should your child's appetite remain unchanged and they still find it hard to swallow, keep offering them nutrient-rich meals.


 You can avoid this issue by offering your child milder-tasting soft foods like porridge and chicken soup.


 Plenty of rest


 Ensure your child gets sufficient sleep.


 Maintain cleanliness


 Encourage your child to
 wash their hands
 And ensure you give them two baths each day. Be certain to tidy up their room and sanitize all items or apparatuses they often come into contact with.


 Typically, around 8-10 days after the onset of infection in the child, they usually begin to recover without intervention.


 Nevertheless, should this time frame overlap,
 
 parents
 
 If you still feel that there are no indications of improvement in your child's condition, promptly bring your little one to a pediatrician for an examination.


 Indications of Singapore Flu Being Healed


 Generally, kids suffering from Singapore flu tend to get better without intervention within 7 to 10 days.


 No particular treatment exists for addressing this condition.


 Nevertheless, mothers have the ability to address different symptoms encountered by their children and ensure they do not become dehydrated during illnesses.


 At What Point Should Mothers Be Concerned?


 Should your child’s condition fail to improve, it would be wise to promptly bring them to see a doctor, particularly if they exhibit any of the following symptoms:

Dehydrated child
. Can be seen urinating infrequently (not urinating for more than 6 hours) and the volume of urine is very small. Don’t want to eat at all. The fever lasted more than 3 days and did not go down. Children sleep a lot, are often sleepy, and experience decreased consciousness.
Seizures
Children possess a vulnerable immune system, which is responsible for combating pathogens and illnesses. The symptoms exhibited by the child worsened progressively and failed to show improvement beyond ten days. Additionally, the child remains quite young—under six months of age.

 Ways to Stop the Spread of HFMD


 The greatest danger of spreading the infection happens within the initial seven days when the patient is suffering from discomfort.


 Following that, the virus stays in the affected person's body for several days or weeks and can still spread via their saliva or feces.


 To avoid infections and lessen the chance of contamination, consider following these measures:


 Wash your hands regularly

And be particularly cautious, especially during diaper changes or when cleaning your child’s face after meals. Instruct your child to often wash their hands.

 Avoid sick people.

If your child has a weak immune system, they'll be more susceptible to catching illnesses.

 Instruct kids to shield their mouth and nose.

Especially when they sneeze or cough. wipes are ideal, but their sleeves can also do the job. Conversely, teach your child to steer clear of those who are coughing or sneezing.

 Regularly clean

And clean and sanitize surfaces and shared objects in your house, like toys and door handles.

 Instruct your child to avoid hugging others or touching things indiscriminately.

No matter where they might be, like at the shopping centre, nursery, or educational institution.

 Educate kids against sharing.

dining implements alongside their companions, like cups or spoons.

 Avoid sending your child to school

Or consider using daycare if a buddy has tested positive for Singapore flu.

 Common Queries About Singapore Influenza


 The Singapore flu is a condition that commonly affects children. Below are some common queries regarding this illness:


 What are the ways to contract the Singapore flu?


 Children may contract this illness because of a virus. This viral transmission can move from an infected individual to others. The spread of the virus can happen via several means:

Secretions from the nose and throat, like saliva or nasal mucus, along with fluid from an open wound.

 What do the symptoms of Singapore flu appear as?


 The signs of hand, foot, and mouth disease in Singapore may manifest as rashes on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet. Furthermore, other areas where these symptoms might appear include the buttocks, legs, and arms.


 The rash typically doesn’t itch and appears as flat or somewhat elevated red patches, occasionally featuring blisters with a reddened foundation underneath.


 Is Singapore flu dangerous?


 This illness typically poses little threat. Many children who contract this virus manage to recuperate independently without requiring specific medical intervention.


 How long is the recovery period for Singapore flu?


 Many individuals infected with the Singapore flu can recuperate within 7 to 10 days without medical intervention.


 What foods should be avoided when having the Singapore flu?


 A symptom experienced by individuals with Singapore flu could be the presence of mouth sores.


 Hence, stay away from foods that might exacerbate the situation, like
 dishes that have excessive spiciness
 Or they could be tart, along with hot beverages that might cause discomfort.


 Can the Singapore flu be administered with powder?


 In fact, using powder on the rash that appears on the child’s skin because of this condition is permitted. The aim is to alleviate the itchiness felt.


 Still, avoid going too far with it since you fear it might cause the rash to spread even further.


 Is Singapore flu itchy?


 These rashes typically show up on the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, and occasionally on the buttocks, and they generally do not cause itching.


 Nevertheless, in certain instances, the rash may develop blisters and release fluid.


 Is coconut water effective against the Singapore flu?


 No particular research indicates that coconut water can treat Singapore flu in children.


 However,
 coconut water
 includes multiple nutrients required by the body and can help avoid dehydration. Thus, drinking coconut water can continue to yield beneficial effects for kids impacted by this.


 Is it okay to take a shower when you have the Singapore flu?


 Children who have been exposed to the Singapore flu are not specifically barred from bathing. However, they should keep their personal cleanliness to prevent other viral infections.


 I hope the information provided proves helpful and expands your understanding.
 
 Parents
 
 .


 ***


 Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD)


 https://www.webmd.com/children/guide/hand-foot-mouth-disease


 Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD)


 https://www.cdc.gov/hand-foot-mouth/index.html#:~:text=Hand%2C%20Foot%2C%20and%20Mouth%20Disease%20(HFMD),-Espa%C3%B1ol%20(Spanish)&text=Hand%2C%20foot%2C%20and%20mouth%20disease%20is%20common%20in%20children%20under,and%20mouth%20disease%20spreads%20easily.


 Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease (HFMD)


 https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/218402-overview?src=soc_fb_share


 Hand-foot-and-mouth disease


 https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hand-foot-and-mouth-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20353035


 
 Republished with permission from
 Diwida >donesia

Singapore Flu: Unraveling the Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

The Singapore flu typically impacts kids, and you can never be sure about where your child might contract the virus. To avoid and iden...

Where the World’s Most Contagious Disease Is Spreading in America: An International Perspective

DIWIDA.NEWS healthcare and medicine, illness, infectious diseases, news, public health

<ul class="mol-bullets-with-font">
 <li class="">
 
 READ MORE: RFK Jr.'s surprising shift on MMR vaccine following measles outbreak
 
 </li>
</ul>

 The United States is poised to experience its most lethal measles outbreak in over two decades, with cases surging to an all-time peak during the initial three months of this year.


 So far, there have been 712
 confirmed measles
 The latest CDC data reveals cases reported by 25 jurisdictions.


 The last instance of the disease being so prevalent in the US occurred in 2019, with 1,274 cases documented throughout the year.


 Before that, the largest outbreak occurred in 1990, with cases rising above 27,000.


 At present, the impacted states include:
 Alaska
 ,
 Arkansas
 ,
 California
 ,
 Colorado
 ,
 Florida
 , Georgia,
 Hawaii
 ,
 Indiana
 ,
 Kansas
 ,
 Kentucky
 Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York City, New York State, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, and Washington.


 Out of these cases, seventy-five percent occurred in children younger than 19 years old.


 The data indicates that 97 percent of the patients were
 not been vaccinated
 versus the virus, with one percent having received just a single dose.


 The largest numbers of cases have been recorded in Texas and New Mexico, with Kansas and Ohio experiencing an increasing number of reports as well.


 There have now been two confirmed fatalities due to measles, both cases involve unvaccinated children of school age in Texas; additionally, a death in New Mexico is still under examination. These represent the first such casualties since 2015.

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<img data-document-id="cms/api/amp/image/AA1CLqFh" data-reference="image" src="https://img-s-msn-com.akamaized.net/tenant/amp/entityid/AA1CLqFh.jpg"/>

 Measles spreads through direct contact with infectious particles or via airborne transmission when an infected individual exhales, coughs, or sneezes.


 The illness leads to small white lesions within the mouth, smooth red patches on the neck, torso, limbs, and soles of the feet, along with ear infections and a high fever.


 In severe instances, measles might result in pneumonia, encephalitis (inflammation of the brain), and could potentially be fatal.


 Health officials say
 
 Travelers ought to keep an eye out for symptoms, which typically appear between seven to 21 days following exposure.
 


 Typically, cold-like indications like a fever, cough, and a runny or stuffy nose are the initial signs of measles prior to the emergence of a rash.


 Individuals who have remained asymptomatic for over 21 days (until March 11) should no longer pose a risk.


 Doctors in
 Texas
 'rural communities are primarily handling measles cases for the very first time.'


 Bills have been put up around the county alerting about the outbreak, and pamphlets have been distributed.


 Several individuals are also using local WhatsApp groups to encourage others to verify they are current with their vaccinations.


 Measles was declared eliminated from the United States in 2000 as part of an effective vaccination initiative.


 The
 CDC
 characterizes reaching measles elimination status in the U.S. as a 'landmark accomplishment in public health.'


 However, over time, the viral infection has resurfaced, leading to intermittent outbreaks after a decline in vaccination levels.

<img data-document-id="cms/api/amp/image/AA1CLxLa" data-reference="image" src="https://img-s-msn-com.akamaized.net/tenant/amp/entityid/AA1CLxLa.jpg"/>
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 This illness stands as the most contagious disease identified, where an infected individual can transmit the pathogen to up to nine additional persons when in a confined space with ten other individuals.


 About 40 percent of patients are hospitalized in the US, while about three in 1,000 die from the disease after suffering from deadly brain swelling.


 Measles spreads through direct interaction with respiratory droplets expelled into the atmosphere by infected individuals when they cough, sneeze, or simply breathe.


 Infectious droplets may remain suspended in the air for approximately two hours, and symptoms typically appear between seven to fourteen days after being infected.


 Patients experience symptoms such as a fever, cough, and a runny nose, followed by the appearance of a rash starting from the hairline and subsequently spreading to the neck, torso, limbs, and feet.


 There is no specific treatment for measles; physicians typically address associated bacterial infections with antibiotics and provide hydration through intravenous fluids.


 The MMR vaccine proves 97 percent effective in protecting against measles, and it’s mandatory for kids attending school; however, certain states permit exemptions due to religious beliefs.


 Throughout the nation, the share of
 The number of children requesting exemptions has increased.
 
 Over the last ten years, this figure has risen from 0.76 percent in 2014 to 3.3 percent for the 2023-2024 academic year.
 


 The CDC reported that in 2024, vaccination rates among kindergarteners dropped across all vaccines, with the MMR vaccine dropping to a rate of 93%.

Read more

Where the World’s Most Contagious Disease Is Spreading in America: An International Perspective

READ MORE: RFK Jr.'s surprising shift on MMR vaccine following measles outbreak The United States is poised to experien...

[봉화소식] 고추 등 바이러스병 예방 홍보 나서

DIWIDA.NEWS health risks, illness, infectious diseases, korea national news, korean

<img data-document-id="cms/api/amp/image/AA1Dnc1z" data-reference="image" src="https://img-s-msn-com.akamaized.net/tenant/amp/entityid/AA1Dnc1z.jpg"/>


 봉화군은 지난 22일 내재된 고추, 수박, 토마토 등의 작물을 경작하는 농민들을 상대로 바이러스 병의 발생을 줄이기 위한 미리부터 시작되는 예방 조치를 알리는 활동에 착수했다고 발표했습니다.


 according to information from Bonghwa County, the virus disease mainly spreads through infected seeds, pests and diseases, as well as tools used for work; when plants get infected, this leads to reduced yields and lower quality produce, causing significant economic losses for farmers.


 검증된 바이러스 무병 종자를 사용하고 파종 전 종자 소독을 해야 한다. 구입한 모종은 정식 전 이상 유무 철저히 확인해야 하며 바이러스를 매개하는 진딧물, 총채벌레 등을 사전 차단하기 위해 정기적인 방제 작업을 실시해야 한다.


 특히 작업 도구와 장갑, 신발 등은 주기적으로 소독해야 하며, 바이러스에 오염된 물질은 발견 즉시 제거하여 확산을 막아야 합니다.


 작물의 적절한 생육환경(양수분) 조성을 통한 스트레스 최소화로 바이러스병에 대한 저항력을 높여줘야 한다고 군은 설명했다.


 장영숙 봉화군 농업기술과장은 "농작물 바이러스 감염은 정식 전 모종확인 및 매개충의 철저한 방제가 관건"이라며 "농업인들께서는 매개충 관리 등 예방 수칙을 준수해 건강한 농작물 재배에 힘써 주시기 바란다"고 말했다.

[봉화소식] 고추 등 바이러스병 예방 홍보 나서

봉화군은 지난 22일 내재된 고추, 수박, 토마토 등의 작물을 경작하는 농민들을 상대로 바이러스 병의 발생을 줄이기 위한 미리부터 시작되는 예방 조치를 알리는 활동에 착수했다고 발표했습니다. according to information...

Nearly 11 Million New HIV Infections Expected After Cuts

DIWIDA.NEWS health, healthcare and medicine, infectious diseases, international relations, world

<div class="td-post-content">
 
 
 By Joyce Ojanji
 
 
 
 Global deaths from HIV/AIDS and new infections could soar to levels unseen since the start of the century if planned funding cuts to foreign aid are sustained, undermining years of progress, experts warn.
 
 
 A
 study
 published in the journal
 The Lancet HIV
 estimates there could be 4.4 million to 10.8 million additional new HIV infections by 2030 in low- and middle-income countries and 770,000 to 2.9 million HIV-related deaths in children and adults.
 
 
 The administration of US President Donald Trump has severed support for humanitarian work worldwide—including withdrawing the US from the World Health Organization and freezing funding for the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) and the US Agency for International Development (USAID).
 
 
 Other major international donors, such as the United Kingdom, France, Germany, and the Netherlands, which together with the US, account for over
 90 percent
 of global aid, have also announced plans to implement significant cuts to foreign aid.
 
 
 According to the researchers, collectively, it could lead to a 24 percent reduction in global international HIV funding by 2026.
 
 
 ‘’We will see it come back and we [will] see people dying the way we saw them in the 90s and in 2000s. Looking ahead, if other donor countries reduce funding, decades of progress to treat and prevent HIV could be unravelled. It is imperative to secure sustainable financing and avoid a resurgence of the HIV epidemic which could have devastating consequences, not just in regions such as Sub-Saharan Africa, but globally,’’ Winnie Byanyima, UNAIDS executive director said.
 
 
 Historically, the US has been the largest contributor to the global HIV response, investing more than
 US$100 billion
 through the PEPFAR since it was established in 2003.
 
 
 However, cuts to PEPFAR and USAID-supported programmes have already severely disrupted access to essential HIV services, including for antiretroviral therapy and HIV prevention and testing, says Debra ten Brink of the Burnet Institute, Australia, co-lead author of the study.
 
 
 Separately, the head of the UN agency coordinating the fight against HIV-AIDS warned that an additional 6.3 million people will die in the next four years unless support is reinstated. This represents a “tenfold increase” from the 600,000 AIDS-related deaths recorded globally in 2023, she said.
 
 
 Byanyima also predicted an additional 8.7 million new infections—up from 1.3 million new infections globally in 2023.
 
 
 The greatest impact would likely be in Sub-Saharan Africa and among vulnerable populations, including people who inject drugs, sex workers, men who have sex with men, and children, according to the researchers.
 
 
 They called for a multipronged approach to help offset the effects of sudden funding cuts and build long-term sustainability.
 
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Nearly 11 Million New HIV Infections Expected After Cuts

By Joyce Ojanji Global deaths from HIV/AIDS and new infections could soar to levels unseen since the start of the century ...